Le Tutoriel de Android Clipboard
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Sous Android, Clipboard est une structure (framework) très utile pour copier (copy) et coller (paste) différents types de données, par exemple: texte, image, données de flux binaires et autres types de données complexes.
Précisément, si les données sont de type texte brut, lorsqu'elles sont copiées, elles sont stockées dans Clipboard.
Une fois copiées, les données complexes sont stockées comme une référence (reference). Et l'application coller (pasting application) doit utiliser ContentProvider pour analyser le contenu.
Afin d'utiliser Android Clipboard Framework, votre application doit placer les données dans l'objet ClipData, puis placer cet objet dans le système Clipboard. Toutes les applications suivant les règles ci-dessus peuvent copier et coller les données entre elles.
Un objet ClipData est créé par l'une des méthodes statiques suivantes:

* Copy & Paste *
private void doCopy() { this.clipboardManager = (ClipboardManager) this.getSystemService(Context.CLIPBOARD_SERVICE); String txtCopy = "Hello World"; // ClipData (Plain Text) ClipData clipData = ClipData.newPlainText("Some label", txtCopy); // Copy ClipData to Clipboard. this.clipboardManager.setPrimaryClip(clipData); } private void doPaste() { ClipData primaryClipData = this.clipboardManager.getPrimaryClip(); ClipData.Item item = primaryClipData.getItemAt(0); // Text in the Clipboard. String txtPaste = item.getText().toString(); }
Copier et coller les textes bruts (Plain Text) est la démarche la plus courante et simple dans les applications d'Android. En voici un exemple:

L'interface de l'application

activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context=".MainActivity"> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginStart="16dp" android:layout_marginLeft="16dp" android:layout_marginTop="18dp" android:layout_marginEnd="16dp" android:layout_marginRight="16dp" android:text="Enter text to copy" app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" /> <EditText android:id="@+id/editText_copy" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginStart="16dp" android:layout_marginLeft="16dp" android:layout_marginTop="8dp" android:layout_marginEnd="16dp" android:layout_marginRight="16dp" android:ems="10" android:inputType="text" android:text="Hello Everybody!" app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button_copy" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginStart="16dp" android:layout_marginLeft="16dp" android:layout_marginTop="8dp" android:layout_marginEnd="16dp" android:layout_marginRight="16dp" android:text="Copy to Clipboard" app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/editText_copy" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView2" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginStart="16dp" android:layout_marginLeft="16dp" android:layout_marginTop="16dp" android:layout_marginEnd="16dp" android:layout_marginRight="16dp" android:text="Show Clipboard data" app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/button_copy" /> <EditText android:id="@+id/editText_paste" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginStart="16dp" android:layout_marginLeft="16dp" android:layout_marginTop="8dp" android:layout_marginEnd="16dp" android:layout_marginRight="16dp" android:ems="10" android:inputType="text" app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView2" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button_paste" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginStart="16dp" android:layout_marginLeft="16dp" android:layout_marginTop="8dp" android:layout_marginEnd="16dp" android:layout_marginRight="16dp" android:text="Paste from Clipboard" app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/editText_paste" /> </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
MainActivity.java
package org.o7planning.clipboardplaintextexample; import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.content.ClipData; import android.content.ClipboardManager; import android.content.Context; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private EditText editTextCopy; private EditText editTextPaste; private Button buttonCopy; private Button buttonPaste; private ClipboardManager clipboardManager; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); // this.clipboardManager = (ClipboardManager) this.getSystemService(Context.CLIPBOARD_SERVICE); this.editTextCopy = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText_copy); this.editTextPaste = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText_paste); this.buttonCopy = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_copy); this.buttonPaste = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_paste); this.buttonCopy.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { doCopy(); } }); this.buttonPaste.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { doPaste(); } }); } // User click on "Copy" button. private void doCopy() { String txtCopy = this.editTextCopy.getText().toString(); ClipData clipData = ClipData.newPlainText("text", txtCopy); // Copy ClipData to Clipboard. this.clipboardManager.setPrimaryClip(clipData); Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"Data Copied to Clipboard", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } // User click on "Poste" button. private void doPaste() { // Get ClipData from Clipboard. ClipData primaryClipData = this.clipboardManager.getPrimaryClip(); ClipData.Item item = primaryClipData.getItemAt(0); String txtPaste = item.getText().toString(); this.editTextPaste.setText(txtPaste); Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"Data Pasted from Clipboard",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }
Les Intent(s) peuvent également être copiées dans Clipbooard. Dans cet exemple, je crée une simple Intent pour ouvrir une URL dans le navigateur. On peut copier cette Intent dans Clipboard.

L'interface de l'application

activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context=".MainActivity"> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginStart="16dp" android:layout_marginLeft="16dp" android:layout_marginTop="8dp" android:layout_marginEnd="16dp" android:layout_marginRight="16dp" android:text="Intention to open a URL in the browser:" app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" /> <EditText android:id="@+id/editText_url" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginStart="16dp" android:layout_marginLeft="16dp" android:layout_marginTop="8dp" android:layout_marginEnd="16dp" android:layout_marginRight="16dp" android:ems="10" android:inputType="text" android:text="https://google.com" app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button_copy" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginStart="16dp" android:layout_marginLeft="16dp" android:layout_marginTop="8dp" android:layout_marginEnd="16dp" android:layout_marginRight="16dp" android:text="Copy Intent to Clipboard" android:textAllCaps="false" app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/editText_url" /> <EditText android:id="@+id/editText_paste" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="120dp" android:layout_marginStart="16dp" android:layout_marginLeft="16dp" android:layout_marginTop="8dp" android:layout_marginEnd="16dp" android:layout_marginRight="16dp" android:background="#B2B5A4" android:ems="10" android:inputType="textMultiLine|text" app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/button_copy" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button_paste" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginStart="16dp" android:layout_marginLeft="16dp" android:layout_marginTop="8dp" android:layout_marginEnd="16dp" android:layout_marginRight="16dp" android:text="Paste Intent from Clipboard and start It!" android:textAllCaps="false" app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/editText_paste" /> </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
MainActivity.java
package org.o7planning.clipboarditentexample; import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.content.ClipData; import android.content.ClipboardManager; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.Toast; import java.util.Date; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private ClipboardManager clipboardManager; private Button buttonCopy; private Button buttonPaste; private EditText editTextUrl; private EditText editTextPaste; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); // ClipboardManager: this.clipboardManager = (ClipboardManager) this.getSystemService(Context.CLIPBOARD_SERVICE); this.editTextPaste = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.editText_paste); this.editTextUrl = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.editText_url); this.buttonCopy = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button_copy); this.buttonPaste = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button_paste); this.buttonCopy.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { doCopy(); } }); this.buttonPaste.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { doPaste(); } }); } // Some Intent need to Copy to Clipboard. private Intent getOpenUrlIntent(String url) { // Intent to open a URL. Intent openUrlIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW); openUrlIntent.setData(Uri.parse(url)); openUrlIntent.putExtra("copyTimeInMillis", new Date().getTime()); openUrlIntent.putExtra("description", "Intent to open a URL"); return openUrlIntent; } private void doCopy() { String url = this.editTextUrl.getText().toString(); Intent openUrlIntent = this.getOpenUrlIntent(url); ClipData clipData = ClipData.newIntent("Open URL Intent", openUrlIntent); // Copy ClipData to Clipboard. this.clipboardManager.setPrimaryClip(clipData); Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"Data Copied to Clipboard", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } private void doPaste() { // Get ClipData from Clipboard. ClipData primaryClipData = this.clipboardManager.getPrimaryClip(); ClipData.Item item = primaryClipData.getItemAt(0); // Get Intent from Clipboard. Intent intentPaste = item.getIntent(); this.editTextPaste.setText(""); if(intentPaste == null) { this.editTextPaste.setText("No Intent data in Clipboard!"); return; } this.editTextPaste.append("description: " + intentPaste.getStringExtra( "description" )); this.editTextPaste.append("\n"); this.editTextPaste.append("copyTimeInMillis: " + intentPaste.getLongExtra("copyTimeInMillis" ,0L)); this.editTextPaste.append("\n"); this.editTextPaste.append("Action: " + intentPaste.getAction()); Uri uri = intentPaste.getData(); this.editTextPaste.append("Uri: " + uri); // Start Activity (If you want). startActivity(intentPaste); Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"Data Pasted from Clipboard",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }
Pour copier une image, il faut la convertir en un Uri et copier cet Uri dans Clipboard. Dans cet exemple, je copie une image dans le dossier "drawable" dans Clipboard.

Copier quelques fichiers image dans le dossier "drawable":
icon_cry.png | icon_feel_good.png |

Dans Android Studio, on crée une nouvelle Activity nommée ImageActivity pour afficher l'image copiée dans Clipboard.
- File > New > Activity > Empty Activity

Android Studio crée deux fichiers: ImageActivity.java et activity_image.xml, en même temps ImageActivity est enregistré dans AndroidManifest.xml:

AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="org.o7planning.clipboarduriexample"> <application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round" android:supportsRtl="true" android:theme="@style/AppTheme"> <!-- ImageActivity --> <activity android:name=".ImageActivity"></activity> <activity android:name=".MainActivity"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> </manifest>
Voici l'interface d'ImageActivity:

activity_image.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context=".MainActivity"> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginStart="16dp" android:layout_marginLeft="16dp" android:layout_marginTop="16dp" android:layout_marginEnd="16dp" android:layout_marginRight="16dp" android:text="Show Image In Clipboard" app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" /> <ImageView android:id="@+id/imageView" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginStart="16dp" android:layout_marginLeft="16dp" android:layout_marginTop="16dp" android:layout_marginEnd="16dp" android:layout_marginRight="16dp" app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView" app:srcCompat="@drawable/icon_cry" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button_paste" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginStart="16dp" android:layout_marginLeft="16dp" android:layout_marginTop="16dp" android:layout_marginEnd="16dp" android:layout_marginRight="16dp" android:text="Paste" app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/imageView" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button_back" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginStart="16dp" android:layout_marginLeft="16dp" android:layout_marginTop="16dp" android:layout_marginEnd="16dp" android:layout_marginRight="16dp" android:text="Back" app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.498" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/button_paste" /> </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
ImageActivity.java
package org.o7planning.clipboarduriexample; import android.content.ClipData; import android.content.ClipboardManager; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.ImageView; import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity; public class ImageActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private static final String LOG_TAG = "AndroidExample"; private ClipboardManager clipboardManager; private ImageView imageView; private Button buttonBack; private Button buttonPaste; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_image); // this.clipboardManager = (ClipboardManager) this.getSystemService(Context.CLIPBOARD_SERVICE); // this.imageView = (ImageView) this.findViewById(R.id.imageView); this.buttonPaste = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button_paste); this.buttonPaste.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { doPaste(); } }); this.buttonBack = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button_back); this.buttonBack.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { doBack(); } }); } private void doPaste() { Intent intent= this.getIntent(); ClipData primaryClipData = this.clipboardManager.getPrimaryClip(); if(primaryClipData == null) { this.imageView.setImageURI(null); return; } ClipData.Item item = primaryClipData.getItemAt(0); Uri uri = item.getUri(); this.imageView.setImageURI(uri); } // Back to MainActivity. private void doBack() { this.finish(); } }
Et l'interface de MainActivity:

activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context=".MainActivity"> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginStart="16dp" android:layout_marginLeft="16dp" android:layout_marginTop="16dp" android:layout_marginEnd="16dp" android:layout_marginRight="16dp" android:text="Select Image (In drawable folder):" app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" /> <RadioGroup android:id="@+id/radioGroup" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginStart="16dp" android:layout_marginLeft="16dp" android:layout_marginTop="16dp" android:layout_marginEnd="16dp" android:layout_marginRight="16dp" app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView"> <RadioButton android:id="@+id/radioButton_cry" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:checked="true" android:text="icon_cry.png" /> <RadioButton android:id="@+id/radioButton_feel_good" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="icon_feel_good.png" /> </RadioGroup> <Button android:id="@+id/button_copy" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginStart="16dp" android:layout_marginLeft="16dp" android:layout_marginTop="24dp" android:layout_marginEnd="16dp" android:layout_marginRight="16dp" android:text="Copy Image to Clipboard" app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.497" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/radioGroup" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button_go" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginStart="16dp" android:layout_marginLeft="16dp" android:layout_marginTop="16dp" android:layout_marginEnd="16dp" android:layout_marginRight="16dp" android:text="Go to ImageActivity" app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/button_copy" /> </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
MainActivity.xml
package org.o7planning.clipboarduriexample; import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.content.ClipData; import android.content.ClipboardManager; import android.content.ContentResolver; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.res.Resources; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.RadioButton; import java.util.Date; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private static final String LOG_TAG = "AndroidExample"; private ClipboardManager clipboardManager; private Button buttonCopy; private Button buttonGo; private RadioButton radioButtonCry; private RadioButton radioButtonFeelGood; private ImageView imageView; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); // this.clipboardManager = (ClipboardManager) this.getSystemService(Context.CLIPBOARD_SERVICE); this.radioButtonCry = (RadioButton) this.findViewById(R.id.radioButton_cry); this.radioButtonFeelGood = (RadioButton) this.findViewById(R.id.radioButton_feel_good); this.buttonCopy = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button_copy); this.buttonGo = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button_go); this.buttonCopy.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { doCopy(); } }); this.buttonGo.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { goToImageActivity(); } }); } private void doCopy() { int resId = R.drawable.icon_cry; if(this.radioButtonCry.isChecked()) { resId = R.drawable.icon_cry; } else if(this.radioButtonFeelGood.isChecked()) { resId = R.drawable.icon_feel_good; } Resources resources = this.getResources(); // android.resource://org.o7planning.clipboarduriexample/drawable/icon_cry String path = ContentResolver.SCHEME_ANDROID_RESOURCE // android.resource + "://" + resources.getResourcePackageName(resId) // org.o7planning.clipboarduriexample + '/' + resources.getResourceTypeName(resId) // drawable + '/' + resources.getResourceEntryName(resId); // icon_cry Log.i(LOG_TAG, path); Uri uriCopy = Uri.parse(path); // ClipData (Uri) ClipData clipData = ClipData.newRawUri("Some label", uriCopy); // Copy ClipData to Clipboard. this.clipboardManager.setPrimaryClip(clipData); } private void goToImageActivity() { // Create an Intent: Intent myIntent = new Intent(this, ImageActivity.class); // Extra data: myIntent.putExtra("text1", "This is text1 sent from MainActivity at " + new Date()); myIntent.putExtra("text2", "This is text2 sent from MainActivity at " + new Date()); // Start ImageActivity this.startActivity(myIntent); } }